Alert
One in ten patients with diabetes
In China, there is one diabetes patient in every 10 adults. However, only 3-4 out of every 10 patients with diabetes have been diagnosed. If diabetes is not found in time and treatment is delayed, the risk of blindness, renal failure and amputation will be significantly increased. Therefore, early detection of diabetes is very important.
Question
Are you at risk for diabetes?
Generally speaking, the following groups are high-risk groups of diabetes:
1. There are diabetes patients in the immediate family (such as parents, brothers and sisters);
2. Age ≥ 45 years old;
3. For overweight or obese people, body mass index [BMI=weight (kg)/height (m) 2] ≥ 24;
4. Low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and/or hypertriglyceridemia;
5. Hypertension (blood pressure ≥ 140/90 mmHg);
6. Have cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, such as stroke and hemiplegia;
7. Pregnant women ≥ 30 years of age, women with a history of pregnancy diabetes, women who have delivered a giant baby (birth weight ≥ 4 kg), women who have had unexplained delayed labor, and women with polycystic ovary syndrome;
8. People who are used to sitting for a long time;
9. Those who use some special drugs, such as glucocorticoids, diuretics, etc.
Symptoms
Three more than a little
The typical symptoms of diabetes are polyuria, polydipsia, overeating and emaciation, that is, "more than three and less" - increased urine output (polyuria); The amount of drinking water increased significantly (drinking more); Food consumption increased significantly (overeating); Fatigue and emaciation, weight loss (a little).
Doctors remind that not all patients with diabetes will have "more than three, less than three" symptoms, and even some diabetes patients have no obvious diabetes symptoms, but only complications, such as sudden blurred vision, visual impairment, unexplained skin itching or recurrent boils, female patients with vulva itching, frequent urinary tract infections, cold feet, numbness or pain of limbs, and sudden cerebral thrombosis Obstruction of consciousness and coma. In case of any of the above conditions, seek the help of a doctor immediately to find diabetes as soon as possible.
Diagnosis of diabetes
Key: choose one from three
The three "rulers" currently used in China to diagnose diabetes: those who meet one of the following three items (the first three items) need to consider diabetes, but must repeat the examination in the next day to confirm the diagnosis.
Random blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/l
Diabetes with polyuria, polydipsia, polydipsia, and unexplained weight loss, and random blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/l. Random blood glucose refers to blood glucose at any time of the day.
Fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L
Fasting blood glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L. Fasting blood glucose refers to blood glucose after fasting for at least 8 hours.
OGTT
2-hour blood glucose ≥ 11.1 mmol/L.
Glycated hemoglobin ≥ 6.5%
This is the fourth "ruler" of the United States and European countries. When glycosylated hemoglobin ≥ 6.5%, diagnosis of diabetes should also be considered.
The doctor reminded that in OGTT test, if the blood glucose in 2 hours is ≥ 7.8 mmol/L, but less than 11.1 mmol/L, it will be diagnosed as impaired glucose tolerance (IGT); If the fasting blood glucose is ≥ 6.1 mmol/L, but less than 7.0 mmol/L, it is diagnosed as impaired fasting blood glucose (IFG). These two conditions belong to pre diabetes and are early warning signals of diabetes.