Primary kidney disease is more common in children, with the main lesion being increased permeability of the glomerular basement membrane. Clinical manifestations often include a series of symptoms such as excessive proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, hypercholesterolemia, obvious concave edema in the whole body, and abnormal renal function. During the treatment process, comprehensive measures such as rest, nutrition, maintaining water and electricity balance, preventing infection, and diuresis and swelling reduction are often taken. Glomerular disease is a common and frequently occurring disease in childhood, and is also one of the main causes of irreversible end-stage renal failure. Due to the large number of disease types (up to more than ten), it is difficult to refine diagnosis and classification. If this type of disease is collectively referred to as nephritis, adopting a uniform treatment method will not receive good therapeutic effects. The only way to accurately diagnose a disease is through kidney biopsy.
Respiratory infections in children, such as colds, tonsillitis, acute pharyngitis, etc., if not effectively controlled in a timely manner, may trigger nephrotic syndrome after 1-4 weeks. Generally speaking, pediatric nephrotic syndrome has pre infection symptoms, characterized by three highs and one low, namely high edema, high proteinuria, hypercholesterolemia, and hypoproteinemia. Minimally degenerative nephrotic syndrome is more common in children aged two to six years old, with more boys than girls, and is prone to recurrence and extension, with a long course of disease.
Children, due to their weak physique, have fewer immune cells in their bodies than normal people, and their immune function is not strong. Therefore, sometimes immune cells not only do not swallow the bacteria, but also temporarily contain them. Antibodies to the bacteria in the body combine with the bacteria themselves to form an immune complex. As the blood circulates, when they reach the kidneys, they will deposit on the basement membrane of the glomeruli, causing damage to the kidneys and causing a large amount of protein loss, Ultimately, it leads to nephrotic syndrome.
Nephrotic syndrome has a longer course and is prone to recurrent attacks. Maintain standardized treatment for 1 and a half to 2 years. According to clinical data, some children may develop symptoms at the age of two to three and may not recover by the age of 10-12. Upper respiratory tract infections are the culprit of recurrent episodes. Long term recurrent episodes can affect the growth and development of children, making nephrotic syndrome extremely difficult to treat.
The key point of nursing after illness is to prevent colds, and children should not eat salty foods and high protein. Children's activity should be strictly limited. Children's clothing should not be left unchanged for a long time. During the treatment period, it is not advisable to arbitrarily reduce or stop taking medication. In addition, attention should be paid to observing the child's urine condition in daily life. If a change in the color of the child's urine is found, it should be promptly sent to the hospital for testing.
Generally speaking, children with nephrotic syndrome have a large amount of proteinuria excreted. While losing a large amount of protein, calcium in the blood that is easily bound to albumin is also excreted along with proteinuria. At this time, the child is in a period of vigorous growth and development, and the body's demand for calcium is relatively increased. Therefore, excessive proteinuria leads to a greater loss of calcium, which can easily lead to calcium deficiency in the child's body. If the child is not given timely calcium supplementation or insufficient intake of calcium containing foods, it will eventually lead to low blood calcium and trigger hypocalcemia convulsions and hand and foot spasms. In addition, the treatment of nephrotic syndrome requires long-term use of high-dose corticosteroids. Pharmacological studies have shown that hormones have the effect of counteracting the absorption of vitamin D and calcium by the human intestinal wall. This makes the calcium deficiency in the body of the child more severe, which can easily lead to osteoporosis and lead to fractures during movement. Calcium Edge Tablets contain calcium carbonate (the highest content) and vitamin D (the carrier of calcium ion absorption by the human body), which are very well absorbed and suitable for children to supplement. Therefore, while adopting comprehensive treatment for pediatric nephrotic syndrome, it is important to supplement vitamin D and calcium supplements to compensate for calcium deficiency and avoid the occurrence of hypocalcemia convulsions, hand and foot spasms, osteoporosis, and fractures in the child.