Sexual Health
What is the cause of hyperemesis gravidarum? How can vomiting in pregnant women be alleviated
Hyperemesis gravidarum occurs in the early stages of pregnancy and can usually be cured after 20 weeks of pregnancy. The differential diagnosis of hyperemesis gravidarum includes pregnancy, gastric ulcer, gastroenteritis, viral hepatitis, pyelonephritis, kidney stones, ovarian distortion, hyperthyroidism, diabetes ketoacidosis, migraine and other uncomplicated nausea and vomiting.
What is pregnancy induced vomiting?
About 50% -80% of pregnant women experience nausea, and 50% experience nausea. Persistent vomiting is related to pre pregnancy weight and dehydration, with up to 3% of pregnancies experiencing ketosis. Pregnancy related diseases are the most common cause of liver dysfunction during pregnancy, and pregnancy specificity occurs during pregnancy. The symptoms of pregnancy vomiting include severe nausea and vomiting, which sometimes require hospitalization. Patients often experience dehydration and malnutrition.
1. Causes of hyperemesis gravidarum
The reason for severe vomiting during pregnancy is still unclear. There are many theories, ranging from psychological tendencies, including conversion disorders, to the evolution of protecting mothers and fetuses from potentially harmful foods. Certain hormone levels seem to also play a role, as nausea and vomiting symptoms peak when human chorionic gonadotropin and estradiol levels are high. In addition, smokers with lower levels of estradiol also have a lower incidence of severe vomiting.
The risk factors of hyperemesis gravidarum include past disease history, hyperthyroidism, mental illness, hydatidiform mole pregnancy, pre-existing diabetes, multiple pregnancy, multiple pregnancy, body mass index increase, and daily intake of high saturated fat before pregnancy. A study also identified female fetuses as a risk factor for hyperemesis gravidarum, and Helicobacter pylori infection is also associated with hyperemesis gravidarum.
2. Pregnancy vomiting treatment
Pregnancy vomiting treatment includes both non drug and drug interventions, and early pregnancy vomiting treatment without specific intervention is superior to other treatments. Nausea or vomiting occurs almost 9 weeks before pregnancy. When nausea or vomiting begins for the first time after 9 weeks, other situations should be considered. For patients with hyperemesis gravidarum and patients with thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) inhibition, hyperthyroidism should be treated without evidence of thyroid diseases, such as goiter and thyroid autoantibodies.
Due to its safety and effectiveness, vitamins alone or in combination with doxylamine are used as first-line medication for treatment. Clinicians should encourage women to take prenatal vitamins for one month before fertilization, as this may reduce the incidence and severity of nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. Supportive treatment is recommended for thyroid examination in abnormal pregnant women with transient thyrotoxicosis, hyperemesis, or both. For patients who cannot tolerate oral fluids for a long time and experience clinical symptoms of dehydration, intravenous injection of hydrates should be recommended. Strongly consider correcting ketosis and vitamin deficiency, with treatment including long-term vomiting of glucose and vitamins.