Post Date April, 15 2023
Nephrotic syndrome (NS) can be caused by multiple causes, with an increase in glomerular basement membrane permeability, manifested as a group of clinical symptoms such as high proteinuria, hypoproteinemia, high edema, and hyperlipidemia.
The loss of excessive protein due to excessive proteinuria is the root cause of a series of clinical symptoms in nephrotic syndrome. Hypoalbuminemia mainly manifests as a decrease in plasma albumin levels.
Albumin is an important indicator for evaluating the nutritional status of the human body, and low albumin indicates malnutrition in patients; Albumin is also an important transport protein in plasma, and excessive loss can lead to a series of health problems such as edema, hyperlipidemia, arteriosclerosis, and metabolic alkalosis.
Similarly, the loss of other proteins such as transferrin and vitamin D binding protein not only leads to a lack of trace elements and disordered bone mineral metabolism, but also leads to weakened immunity and susceptibility to infection.
Hyperlipidemia indicates the disorder of lipid metabolism in the body, which will promote atherosclerosis and glomerulosclerosis, further increase the burden on the kidney, reduce the immunity of the body, and bring about a series of blood and cerebrovascular problems.
Patients with nephrotic syndrome often experience malnutrition and various nutrient deficiencies. Therefore, reasonable nutrition is very important for nephrotic syndrome, and avoiding incorrect diet is of utmost importance!
Which foods should be avoided as much as possible
Foods with high sodium content include beef jerky, beef floss, Fermented bean curd, bacon, shrimp peel, Preserved eggs, Salted duck egg, mustard tuber, laver, pickled potherb mustard, salt, soy sauce, bean paste, various sauces, pickled products, etc.
Due to the presence of significant systemic edema in patients with nephrotic syndrome, sodium can further exacerbate the degree of edema. Therefore, a low salt diet is recommended, and for severe edema, a salt free or low sodium diet can be used.
Foods with high oil content, such as nuts (peanuts, walnuts, almonds, sesame seeds, etc.), and animal based foods with high oil content, such as sausages, fatty meats, and pork belly.
Nephrotic syndrome has a situation of lipid metabolism disorder, especially during the acute onset period, which requires strict restriction of fat intake. Therefore, foods with high fat content need to be strictly restricted (and cooking oil needs to be correspondingly reduced if necessary) to improve clinical symptoms at the onset of the disease.
Foods with high cholesterol content include pig liver, pig lung, pork loin, duck liver, eggs, anchovy, shrimp skin, crab roe, etc.
Nephrotic syndrome has lipid metabolism disorders, and it is necessary to limit cholesterol intake while controlling total lipids. It is worth noting that although eggs and other eggs have a relatively high cholesterol content, they have comprehensive nutrients and high nutritional value. Therefore, it is recommended to have one egg per day.
Avoid spicy and stimulating foods such as chili peppers, Chinese prickly ash, garlic, mustard, and various alcoholic beverages.
Patients with nephrotic syndrome often have gastrointestinal mucosal edema and ascites, which affect digestion and absorption. It is advisable to eat light and easily digestible food.
If there is high blood potassium in nephrotic syndrome, it is necessary to avoid eating foods with high potassium content, such as fruits, juice, leafy vegetables (excess potassium can be blanched before consumption), etc; Those with high uric acid levels need to limit their intake of purines, such as animal liver and brain, beer, various meat soups, and mushrooms.
Nephrotic syndrome is a disease that requires long-term dietary attention, especially during acute onset, and it is not advisable to consume the wrong food due to temporary appetite.
