Post Date December, 02 2023
When patients experience symptoms such as high levels of proteinuria and low protein levels, they can already be diagnosed with nephrotic syndrome. The treatment methods for nephrotic syndrome usually include hormone therapy, diuretic therapy, and immunosuppressive therapy, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages during the treatment process.
Treatment methods for nephrotic syndrome
Nephrotic syndrome is a common clinical syndrome in patients with glomerular disease. It can be divided into two categories: primary and secondary. It is caused by a large amount of proteinuria; Hypoalbuminemia; Edema; A clinical syndrome characterized by hyperlipidemia. The first two are prerequisites for diagnosis.
For the treatment of edema in patients with nephrotic syndrome, a sodium restricted diet is necessary. Edema itself indicates excessive sodium in the body, so limiting salt intake in patients with nephrotic syndrome is of great significance. The daily intake of salt for normal people is 10g (including 3.9g of sodium), but due to sodium restriction, patients often experience loss of appetite due to tasteless diet, which affects protein and calorie intake. Therefore, a sodium limited diet should be tolerated by the patient without affecting their appetite, and a low salt diet should have a salt content of 3-5 g/d. Chronic patients, due to a prolonged sodium diet, may experience intracellular sodium deficiency, which should be noted.
Immunosuppressants: Cases with poor hormone treatment results or significant side effects can be treated with immunosuppressive agents. Commonly used drugs include vincristine, Tripterygium wilfordii glycosides, cyclophosphamide, and thiazole; Cyclosporin A, etc.
Diuretics: For cases that are usually sensitive to hormone therapy, diuresis may occur after 7-10 days of medication, and there is no need to use diuretics. Diuretics can be used for tension and edema. Furosemide (furosemide) is usually used for intravenous administration. It is better to infuse low molecular dextran first, which can often produce good diuretic results.
Hormone therapy: Prednisone is commonly used. According to the example of the disease and the child's response to prednisone, a short course of 8 weeks, a medium course of 4-6 months, and a long course of 9-12 months are accepted. Short courses are used for primary treatment of simple kidney disease, while medium and long courses are used for recurrent or inflammatory kidney disease.
In the process of treating nephrotic syndrome, hormone therapy is an indispensable or crucial factor, as it reduces pain and improves short-term efficacy for patients. But once hormone therapy begins, it is as common as a bottomless pit, causing the patient's condition to reach various irreversible states. Hormone therapy can only play a controlling role, but there is no real management problem. The dosage of hormones must be moderate and not widely used, which will prevent the condition from reversing and lead to misunderstandings in treatment bias.
Therefore, patients with nephrotic syndrome must pay attention to the selection of treatment methods. It is best to use various treatment methods to balance treatment, and not to use a single method, especially hormone therapy, which must be cautious. It is best to choose other mild treatment methods when the condition is under control.
