Post Date December, 03 2023
There are many organic causes of erectile dysfunction, mainly related to the following factors:
(1) Anatomical factors of the penis
Congenital defects (such as hermaphroditism, small penis, ventral penile induration with hypospadias, upper or lower urethra); Penile induration disease; Sequela of penile fracture; Fibrosis of the corpus cavernosum of the penis (sequelae of abnormal penile erection puncture and blood drawing, sequelae of removal of defective penile prostheses, idiopathic fibrosis of the corpus cavernosum); Weak white membrane in the corpus cavernosum of the penis (after removal of penile prosthesis, removal of columnar aneurysm, idiopathic weak white membrane); Loss of penile tissue (secondary to ischemia, infection, injury, partial or complete penile resection); Penile incarcerated phimosis, lymphoma, dermatitis, cancer, and degenerative surgery; Scrotal effusion; Urethral injury, pelvic fracture.
(2) Inflammation
Urethritis, prostatitis, seminal vesiculitis, cystitis, urethral stricture (such as caused by gonorrhea), tuberculosis of the urinary and reproductive systems.
(3) Surgical sequelae
Perineal prostate biopsy, prostatectomy (simple, radical), abdominal perineal surgery, total cystectomy, aortic iliac artery surgery, external sphincter resection.
(4) Congenital abnormalities or blockages of blood vessels
Arteriosclerosis, arteritis, abnormal penile erection, local vascular thrombosis, embolism, hemangioma; Unilateral or bilateral incomplete development or abnormal distribution of the main or branch of the penile artery, abnormal vascular plexus, abnormal arteriovenous communicating branches, and abnormal discharge system of the cavernous blood flow can all lead to primary impotence (accounting for 60-70%). It may be related to spontaneous gene mutations that occur during embryonic development.
(5) Endurance factors
After myocardial infarction, emphysema or pulmonary insufficiency, anemia, systemic diseases (infection, nutrition), metabolic disorders (kidney and liver failure), sleep disorders, rheumatic fever, elephantiasis.
(6) Neurological disorders
Parkinson's disease; Temporal lobe lesions or injuries; Cerebral palsy; Head injury, myasthenia gravis, spinal cord and central region tumors; Spinal cord injury with paraplegia (testicular vascular denervation); Multiple sclerosis; Spinal tuberculosis; Spinal bifida; Subacute combined degeneration; Lateral sclerosis causing muscle atrophy; Sympathetic ganglionectomy; Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection, peripheral neuritis.
(7) Medications such as sleeping pills, sedatives, phenothiazines, antidepressants, antihypertensive drugs, and anti Parkinson's drugs.
(8) Endocrine or hematological diseases
Hyperprolactinemia; Obese impotence, craniopharyngioma, acromegaly, diabetes; Pituitary adenoma or pituitary dysfunction; Hypothyroidism of the thyroid and adrenal glands; K's sign; Low gonadal function; Leukemia, pernicious anemia, and Hodgkin's disease.
(9) Erectile dysfunction caused by physical factors such as radiation exposure.
(10) Hypertension
Arteriosclerosis leads to high vascular resistance, terminal arteriosclerosis leads to a decrease in perfusion rate, vascular contraction factors in circulation, histological changes in the corpus cavernosum of the penis, anxiety and fear lead to an increase in blood pressure.
