Symptoms and manifestations of acute and chronic orchitis What are the methods for treating orchitis

Testitis is a common inflammation of the male reproductive system, which can be caused by various pathogenic factors and can be classified into non specific, viral, fungal, spirochemical, parasitic, invasive, and chemical types. The most common route of infection is through blood and lymphatic channels. It can also retrograde invade the testis from the urethra, seminal vesicles, vas deferens, and epididymis.

Clinically, nonspecific orchitis and parotitis orchitis are common causes of male infertility. Mumps orchitis is caused by a virus. Testitis complicated by gonorrhea, nongonococcal urethritis, syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases accounts for 40-60% of the total incidence rate, which is one of the common complications of male sexually transmitted diseases.

The common site of orchitis is the head of the epididymis, while the body and tail rarely occur. It originates from the epithelial cells of the output tubules of the testicular network, with a constant diameter of millimeters to several centimeters. It can be a single cystic cavity or divided into multiple cavities, but it is more common in single lesions. The cystic fluid does not contain sperm. The clinical manifestations often include a feeling of scrotal bloating, without special discomfort, and the development of the lesion is slow. The head of the epididymis can be touched by a round or oval tumor, with a smooth surface, no tenderness, cystic sex, clear boundaries with surrounding tissues, and no adhesion. Testitis is an enlarged mass in the epididymis, which is hard and smooth, and contains yellow clear liquid inside. However, when palpated, it is hard and tender, and can appear on one or both sides, with varying sizes. It is often difficult to distinguish from seminal cysts. The diagnosis is mainly based on physical examination and scrotal B-ultrasound.

Symptoms of acute orchitis

The patient has swelling and pain in the affected side of the scrotum, a sinking sensation, and traction pain in the lower abdomen and groin, which worsens when standing or walking. At the same time, there is obvious tenderness. "When the inflammatory range is large, both the epididymis and testis are swollen, and the boundary between the two is unclear, which is called epididymitis.".

Testitis changes from small to large, but clinically it can grow to cysts with a diameter of 0.5 to 2cm. "This disease is not easily distinguishable from testicular disease clinically, with localized nodules, pain, or painlessness, and is therefore not easily distinguishable from inflammation.". However, in an experienced doctor, palpation can be used to determine. Although palpation is hard, it can actually fluctuate. Depending on palpation, most cysts can be determined, and further examination is still possible. If B-ultrasound is used, it can be determined. Inflammation is a solid mass, and cysts have "liquid" B-ultrasound changes.

Symptoms of chronic orchitis

Chronic orchitis is common, and some patients become chronic due to incomplete cure in the acute phase. However, most patients do not have a clear acute stage, and inflammation is often secondary to chronic prostatitis or injury. Patients often experience a dull pain and swelling sensation in the affected side of the scrotum. The pain often involves the lower abdomen and the ipsilateral groin, and occasionally can be accompanied by secondary hydrocele. During examination, the epididymis often enlarged and hardened to varying degrees, with mild tenderness, and the ipsilateral vas deferens can be thickened.

Three methods for treating male orchitis

1、 TCM dialectical treatment of orchitis:

Damp heat bet:

Fever and aversion to cold, testicular swelling and pain, hard texture, red and astringent urination, dry stool, red tongue, yellow and greasy fur, and smooth pulse. Treatment: Clear away dampness and heat, detoxify and eliminate carbuncle.

Qi stagnation and blood stasis:

Testicles gradually swell and become hard to touch, with slight pain. There are ecchymoses on the dark side of the tongue, thin and white fur, and smooth veins. Treatment: Promoting Qi, promoting blood circulation, and dispersing nodules.

Congestion block:

Testicular trauma is characterized by swelling, pain, or redness, swelling, and burning heat. There are plaques on the blue edge of the tongue, and the pulse is astringent. Treatment: Activating blood circulation to remove stasis, and relieving pain.

2、 Western medicine treatment for orchitis:

The treatment principle of diseases is to resist bacteria and diminish inflammation, requiring bed rest, lifting the scrotum, local hot compress, physical therapy, and 1% lidocaine spermatic cord injection to alleviate pain and abscess formation. Incision and drainage should be performed.

The principle of medication for patients, early use of sufficient, broad-spectrum antibiotics, is a solution to what to do if they get orchitis.

Through auxiliary examinations, acute testicular disease examination projects mainly focus on the examination frame limit, while chronic testicular disease or recurrent author examination projects can include the examination frame limit.

The efficacy evaluation of patients with orchitis is that they can be cured and their symptoms disappear, with normal white blood cells, no atrophy of the testis, no presence of hydrocele, improved symptoms, slightly enlarged testis, tenderness, no improvement in symptoms and signs, enlargement or atrophy of the testis, or formation of testicular abscess and hydrocele.

3、 Treatment of orchitis with topical drugs: External application of the scrotum can alleviate pain and help reduce testicular swelling.