Post Date December, 03 2023
In short, due to congenital or acquired reasons, cystic changes of the prostate gland will be caused, which is called prostatic cyst. Therefore, it can be divided into congenital cyst and acquired cyst. Due to the incomplete degeneration of the accessory renal duct, a deep diverticulum or cyst will be formed under the bladder due to the fusion of the midline. The opening at the back of the prostate urethra is the manifestation of congenital cyst. Acquired cyst is an incomplete or intermittent obstruction of acini caused by the tough prostatic matrix, which gradually thickens the acinar epithelium and causes retention cysts, which can be located in any part of the prostate or protrude to the bladder neck, with a diameter of 1-2 cm.
Prostate cysts can cause some complications, such as infection and stones. Larger cysts can compress the urethra and cause difficulty in urination. Common symptoms include frequent urination, urgency, hard urination, thin urine line, and retention of urine. Congenital prostatic cysts are often accompanied by cryptorchidism, hypospadias, renal hypoplasia and other congenital diseases. When the cyst is large, the doctor can touch the cyst through the digital examination of the rectum. The urethrography shows that there is an arc impression on the posterior urethra. Ultrasound and CT can determine its position. Large cysts or symptomatic small cysts can be treated by surgery, while small cysts without symptoms need not be treated.
Formation of prostatic cyst
Because the duct or duct of the prostate is blocked and the secretion of the prostate is stored, the prostate is easy to form cysts. The symptoms of prostate cyst vary from mild to severe, and its severity is related to the size of the cyst. Rectal palpation can feel wave motion, no pain, and asymmetric prostatic enlargement. Abdominal palpation can touch a large lump. Similar to hard tissue block. After B-ultrasound or X-ray examination, localized cystic fluid density can be seen in the abdomen.
So, what are the types of prostate cysts? What are the reasons for their formation?
① Congenital cyst: a cyst formed by partial dilation of the lumen due to abnormal development of the mesorenal duct and pararenal duct. This kind of cyst does not actually originate from the prostate, but often adheres to the posterior wall of the bladder. Its volume can often grow to a large size, which can cause difficulty in urination by pressing the bladder neck; Compressing the rectum causes the sense of anal distension and difficulty in defecation. Cysts originating from the pararenal duct of the middle kidney are often located in the posterior median of the prostate, while cysts originating from the pararenal duct of the middle kidney are located on both sides. Congenital prostatic cysts are often accompanied by congenital diseases such as hypospadias, cryptorchidism and renal hypoplasia.
② True prostatic cyst: belongs to retention prostatic cyst. This is due to the obstacles encountered by the prostate gland during the embryonic development period, resulting in the stricture of the prostate duct, obstruction, and gradual retention of the contents.
③ Acquired cyst: It can be located at any part of the prostate or protrude to the bladder neck, with a diameter of 1-2 cm. The tough prostatic stroma leads to incomplete or intermittent obstruction of the acini, gradually thickening the acinar epithelium, and eventually leading to retention cysts.
④ Parasitic cyst: caused by parasites, such as hydatid can cause chronic inflammation in and around the prostate tube, or granulomatous hyperplasia, gradually forming a cyst.
⑤ Inflammatory cyst: This kind of cyst belongs to the chronic inflammation of the prostate, which causes the hyperplasia of connective tissue, leading to the stricture of the prostate duct, and the retention of secretions to form a cyst.
Manifestation and harm of prostatic cyst
Prostate cysts generally have no obvious symptoms in the early stage, but sometimes they can have symptoms of chronic prostatitis, which are manifested by the feeling of falling in the perineum, low back pain, anal and testicular pain, and then spread to the hip, and the symptoms gradually worsen. Urine will become turbid and there is a certain amount of secretion in the urethra. If the bladder neck is heavily affected, symptoms such as frequent urination, urgency and pain in urination will occur. There are red blood cells, pus cells, protein and cystobacter in the urine. The epididymis is often affected, swollen and hard, with irregular surface, nodular, mild tenderness, and occasionally beaded nodes of the vas deferens. When the disease is serious, there are symptoms such as pain during ejaculation, blood sperm, semen reduction and sexual dysfunction. When the prostate and seminal vesicle swell is large, it can compress the posterior urethra, bladder and ureter end, causing urethral stricture, dysuria or upper urinary tract expansion and hydrops.
Prostate cysts often coexist with seminal vesicles and epididymis cysts. Both seminal vesicles and epididymis play an important role in male fertility, especially the epididymis. If scar contracture and deformation are formed due to cysts, it can affect sperm passage and damage sperm function. Therefore, serious prostate cysts will affect male fertility. Therefore, men should pay attention to the fact that it is best to actively treat prostate cysts to prevent unnecessary trouble or even serious consequences.
