How to judge the size of the gland when the prostate is hyperplasia? Prostate physical examination mainly depends on rectal diagnosis

Prostate physical examination mainly depends on rectal diagnosis. Rectal diagnosis is the simplest and most necessary examination method for BPH. It is mainly to understand the shape, size, hardness, smoothness of the surface, nodules and tenderness of the prostate, whether the central sulcus exists, becomes shallow or disappears, whether the gland is fixed, and whether there is twisting sensation in touch diagnosis. Rectal diagnosis method: the patient urinates first. The best position is knee-chest lying position, but can also stand. The abdomen is close to the examination table and bends down to accept the examination. The elderly, weak or seriously ill patients can lie on their back or side. The examiner should wear gloves or finger covers, apply lubricant, let the patient open his mouth and relax, gently massage the anus with his index finger, and then slowly extend into the deep rectum for examination. The examination sequence is prostate, seminal vesicle, rectum and anus.

Recording method of the degree of prostatic hyperplasia: normal prostate, such as chestnut size, flat, clear edge, tough, uniform elasticity, no nodules or tenderness, slightly concave central groove, symmetrical bilateral lobes, slightly moving. In BPH, the gland can increase in length and width, with smooth surface, clear edge, medium hardness and elasticity, and the central groove becomes shallow, disappears or bulges.

Commonly used methods to describe the size of prostate gland in clinical practice:

1. Normal size: prostate is as big as chestnut.

2. Grade I hyperplasia: the prostate gland is enlarged like an egg.

3. Second degree hyperplasia: the prostate gland is enlarged like duck eggs.

4. Third degree hyperplasia: the prostate gland is enlarged like goose egg.

The size of the prostate quoted for rectal diagnosis is not necessarily its actual volume, such as hyperplasia of the middle lobe, gland protruding into the bladder, and prostate enlargement quoted for rectal diagnosis is not obvious. The rectal digital examination found that the hardness of the prostate was increased, the surface was uneven, and there was suspicious induration. It was suggested that the hospital should conduct needle aspiration cytology and other tests to eliminate prostate cancer, and check the contraction function of the anal sphincter, and pay attention to the identification of neurogenic bladder and urethral dysfunction.